CTF Instruction

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Incident Response in the Microsoft Cloud training

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Course Resources

  • Course References
  • KQL CheatSheet
  • Setup user for Azure & M365 IR.pdf

Welcome

  • Welcome

Lab 0 - Setup

  • Lab 0 - Don't skip!
  • Demo: Change your CTF name

Introduction - Azure Section

  • Course introduction

Azure IR introduction

  • Azure Terminology (New)
  • Azure Hierarchy (New)
  • Azure Compute, Network and Storage components for IR
  • Azure Security components for IR
  • Demo: Exploring the Azure portal

Entra ID

  • Entra ID - Users, Service Principals & Managed Identities (New)
  • Entra ID - Tokens 101 (New)
  • Entra ID - Roles (New)
  • Entra ID - Hybrid Setup (New)
  • Entra ID - Security (Conditional Access & Identity Protection) (New)

Lab 1.1 - Exploring Azure

  • Lab 1.1 - Instructions
  • Lab 1.1 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Entra ID & Azure Logging

  • Entra ID & Azure - Logging overview
  • Tenant Audit logging
  • Subscription, Resource Logging & Log exporting
  • Links and Resources

KQL for Incident Response

  • KQL Introduction (New)
  • Demo: KQL querying
  • Need to know KQL commands (New)
  • KQL for Incident Response & Resources (New)
  • Advanced KQL
  • Links and Resources

Lab 1.2 - KQL Querying

  • Lab 1.2 - Instructions
  • Lab 1.2 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Graph API for Incident Response

  • Introduction & Graph Explorer
  • Graph Application setup with a certificate
  • Graph API calls for IR
  • Demo: Configuring and Connecting a Graph app
  • Links and Resources

Microsoft Graph Activity Logs (New)

  • Microsoft Graph Activity Logs (New)

Azure Attack Techniques - Part I

  • Azure Attack Overview (New)
  • Reconnaissance: Internal and External (New)
  • Initial Access: Valid accounts, Password Attacks & Malicious apps
  • Links and Resources

Lab 1.3 - Recon & Initial Access

  • Lab 1.3 - Instructions
  • Lab 1.3 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Azure Attack Techniques - Part II

  • Execution Introduction & Azure RunCommand
  • Execution: Serial Console (New)
  • Execution: Virtual Machine Scripting & Automation accounts
  • Execution: Function app (New)
  • Execution: Intune & Cloud Shell (New)
  • Demo: Automation account & Azure Function investigation
  • Privilege Escalation: PIM & Elevated Access Toggle
  • Privilege Escalation: Entra ID applications
  • Persistence: Account Creation & Network Security Group Modification
  • Persistence: Azure Lighthouse & Delegated Administrators
  • Persistence: Cross-Tenant Synchronization & Subscription Transfers
  • Persistence: Federated options
  • Links and Resources

Lab 1.4 - Execution, Persistence & Privilege Escalation

  • Lab 1.4 - Instructions
  • Lab 1.4 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Azure Attack Techniques - Part III

  • Credential Access: Tokens & Application secrets
  • Credential Access: KeyVault dumping
  • Demo: Keyvault Dumping Investigation
  • Exfiltration
  • Impact: Resource Deletion & Cryptomining (New)
  • Azure Attack tools
  • Links and Resources

Lab 1.5 - Credential Access, Exfiltration

  • Lab 1.5 - Instructions
  • Lab 1.5 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Responding to Azure attacks

  • Introduction & NIST model
  • Cloud Incident Response: Preparation
  • Cloud Incident Response: Investigate & Contain
  • Cloud Incident Response: Remediate & Recover
  • Token & Session Revocation
  • Azure Incident Response tools
  • Links and Resources

Azure Debrief

  • Azure IR debrief

Azure CTF

  • CTF Instruction

Introduction - Microsoft 365 Section

  • Welcome

Microsoft 365 IR introduction

  • Microsoft 365 - Forensic artefacts
  • Microsoft 365 - Course introduction

Unified Audit Log (UAL)

  • Unified Audit Log: Introduction & Advanced Auditing (New)
  • Unified Audit Log: Structure (New)
  • Unified Audit Log: Access & Acquisition (New)
  • Demo: Setting up an account for UAL access & acquisition
  • Demo: Searching the UAL in Purview
  • Links and Resources

MailItemsAccessed

  • Everything you need to know about the MailItemsAccessed Operation
  • Demo: Investigate emails accessed using PowerShell and the Microsoft Graph

Lab 2.1 - Exploration of the UAL

  • Lab 2.1 - Instructions
  • Lab 2.1 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Microsoft 365 Email Forwarding Rules

  • Forwarding rules: Introduction and Overview
  • Forensic analysis of inbox rules
  • Forensic analysis of transport rules
  • Forensic analysis of active forwarding rules

Mailbox Audit Log

  • Forensic analysis of the Mailbox audit log
  • Demo: Forensic analysis of deleted emails
  • Demo: Recovering deleted emails

Message Trace Log

  • Forensic analysis of the Message Trace Log (MTL)

Microsoft 365 Attack Techniques - Part I

  • Microsoft 365 Attacks Overview
  • Initial Access: Phishing
  • Initial access: Device Code phishing
  • Initial access: Microsoft Teams phishing
  • Initial Access: MiTM & AiTM attacks
  • Links and Resources

Microsoft 365 Attack Techniques - Part II

  • Execution: API calls & PowerShell
  • Persistence & Privilege Escalation: Account manipulation
  • Persistence & Privilege Escalation: Account Creation & MFA registration

Microsoft 365 Attack Techniques - Part III

  • Collection & Exfiltration: eDiscovery & Content search
  • Collection & Exfiltration: Power Automate abuse
  • Links and Resources

Lab 2.2 - Compromise of an email account

  • Lab 2.2 - Instructions
  • Lab 2.2 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Microsoft 365 Attack Tools (New)

  • Microsoft 365 Attack tools
  • Microsoft 365 Attack tools - GraphRunner

Access Token abuse (New)

  • Access Token abuse & Family Of Client IDs (FOCI)

Lab 2.5 - Extracting & Manipulating tokens (Live Lab)

  • Lab 2.5 - Instructions
  • Lab 2.5 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Microsoft 365 Anti-Forensics

  • Microsoft 365 Anti-Forensic techniques

Microsoft 365 IR Tools & Techniques

  • Microsoft 365 IR tools - Overview
  • Microsoft Extractor Suite
  • Hawk
  • Untitled Goose Tool
  • Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
  • Demo: Installing and using the Microsoft Extractor Suite
  • Links and Resources

Lab 2.3 - The Extractor Suite

  • Lab 2.3 - Instructions
  • Lab 2.3 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Microsoft 365 Incident Response walkthrough

  • Incident Response - Walkthrough

Best practices for remediation and recovery in Microsoft 365

  • Remediation & Recovery - Overview
  • Remediation & Recovery - Walkthrough
  • Links and Resources

Lab 2.4 - Investigating OAuth apps

  • Lab 2.4 - Instructions
  • Lab 2.4 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Microsoft 365 CTF

  • CTF Instruction

Closing

  • Closing words
  • Request certificate

Lab 2.6 - Investigation of a malicious Function (Live Lab)

  • Lab 2.6 - Walkthrough (with solutions)

Lab 2.7 - Investigation of a suspicious automation account (Live Lab)

  • Lab 2.7 - Walkthrough (with solutions)